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A business opportunity: purification of contaminated diesel fuel

Owning a business is a way of being self-sufficient and independent, and allows a degree of confidence in tomorrow. However, not all try to start a business, the reasons numerous: lack of starting capital, the risks involve, lack of knowledge in the field and many more. First complications arise at the stage of finding a business idea. One can choose any area for the business, but not all industries will be profitable.

This article deals with one of the possibilities for staring a business. The reader can make a decision whether he or she possesses what it takes to implement the ideas in the articles into real life business.

Causes of diesel fuel contamination

Contaminated diesel fuel: how can it be of profit? There are two points to consider. First, diesel is a popular fuel, used by agricultural and construction machinery, truck fleets etc. Second, the fuel can often become contaminated. To protect themselves from oil product shortages and considering the seasonal nature of their operations (such as agricultural), diesel machinery owners tend to stockpile fuel. Not all fuel is used here and now. Most of the fuel is stored in tanks until needed. This is when the interesting part starts for one looking for a business idea.

In long term storage diesel fuel can become contaminated by dust and water. At certain conditions, microbial contamination is also possible. Using such product is not possible, since the engine and the components of the fuel system are quite sensitive to the various foreign substances. Failure of equipment requires costly repairs and causes downtime, which is always bad, especially so in seasonal businesses.

Hence the need to purify diesel fuel before use. The standard filtration methods most often deal with but a small degree of diesel contamination. If the oil product is heavily contaminated and contains a lot of water, special large equipment is required. Not all own such machinery. Outsourcing the service is also not always an option, since the cost of processing relatively small batches of diesel is rather high.

However, if the contaminated diesel fuel is purchased in large volumes and purified to good condition, profit is there to be made. Contaminated diesel costs significantly less than clean diesel, and this price difference is the way to earn money. The only thing left to consider is the technology process. What kind of equipment should be used?

The best solution is a purification system and a blending system. Getting rid of contaminants is not enough. The product must be made ready for operation by adding special components into the fuel.

Purification and clarification of diesel fuel

Used oil removal of particulate matter, water and other contaminants, reduction of wax and sulfur content, removal of hydrogen sulfide and unsaturated hydrocarbons is the perfect job for GlobeCore’s UVR unit. This unit uses filtration and adsorption to clarify the fuel and bring it back to market quality. After UVR processing, the oil products do not oxidize and darken.

GlobeCore’s equipment can easily be loaded onto a small truck, increasing mobility and providing on-site fuel purification services. It should be noted that the UVR units are multi-purpose and can be used with various oil products, such as heating fuel, mineral oil, gasoline, etc. Transitioning to a different product requires no additional setup, only the processing rate changes.

Adding components

As mentioned above, additive improve performance of diesel fuel. For instance, PPD additives improve pour point and filtration. While operating with large amounts of fuel, special blending systems should be used for injection of additives.

Usual blending methods, in wide use at present, separation of diesel fuel into separate components often occurs. To remove that problem, GlobeCore manufactures the USB type units. By using the injection mixing method and the hydrodynamic shock, the fuel remains stable to separation for at least 180 days.

Modern hydrodynamic continuous blending units have proven themselves in industrial applications to be reliable, precise and stable means of producing high quality motor fuel at optimal cost. The cost economy and increased profitability of the production process compared to the traditional methods of mixing component in tanks can accelerate the return on investment to up to 60% annually and make the project pay for itself within a year.

However, the technology of the process is not everything. Diesel fuel consumers in your area must be researched. This research achieves two goals at the same time: learning where to buy contaminated fuel and who to sell purified fuel with additives to.

Mineral Oil Processing Equipment

Oxidation, contamination and other impurities accumulate in oil during operation, drastically reducing its quality.  Oil processing equipment restores the original properties of oil,  substantially reduces oxidation products and water – for oil to be reused for its intended purpose.  The simple regeneration processes include:

  • sedimentation and filtration;
  • sedimentation, adsorptive purification and filtration;
  • sedimentation,  alkali treatment, adsorptive purification and filtration;
  • sedimentation, acid treatment, adsorptive purification and filtration;
  • sedimentation,  acid and alkali treatment, adsorptive purification and filtration.

Sedimentation of waste oils – is getting rid of mechanical impurities and water.  For maximum efficiency it is carried out  at 80-90°C, during 24-48 hours.

Thick fabrics, metal grids, paper, cardboard or bleaching clay are used for oil filtering.

The oil with low level of contamination and water (up to 0.3%) is purified using separators at  60-70 °C.

Acid and alkali purification is used to clean deeply oxidized waste oil.

Alkali treatment is used to remove organic acids and free sulfuric acid residue.

Adsorption is the most effective way to remove asphalt pitch from oil.  Activated carbon and bleaching earth are used as adsorbents.

The deepest cleaning of mineral oils and almost complete recovery of its original properties can be obtained by special recovery units.  In this case, the process may include the following steps:

  • precipitation (removal of solids and water);
  • “atmospheric” distillation (removal of sediments, insolubles, water and low-boiling petroleum fractions)
  • sulphuric-acid refining followed by lime neutralization (removal of the oxidation products and additives);
  • filtering (removal of acid sludge);
  • vacuum distillation (separation into one or two low-viscosity and medium viscosity distillates in residue);
  • bleaching earth treatment;
  • compounding and implementation of additives.

Not all of the above listed operations are safe for the environment.  For example, sulfuric-acid refining results in forming of acid sludge – which is a dangerous substance, difficult to dispose of.  GlobeCore Company is one of the leading manufacturers of oil processing equipment complying all environmental requirements.  In addition, GlobeCore technology recycles used oil,  saving financial and energy resources.

GlobeCore – is your profit and care about the future!

Waste Oil Recycling Methods. Oil refining plant GlobeCore

Annually tens of thousands of tons of waste synthetic and mineral oils are accumulated on the territories of each industrialized country.  They are highly toxic, they have low level of biodegradability (10-30%) and by accumulating in the environment they disturb an ecological balance.  Existing regulations require mandatory collecting and recycling of waste oils and in some cases even their destruction.  At the same time the EEC Directive proposes to consider waste oils  not destructed, but  reused.

To neutralize wastes effectively it is necessary to apply environmentally safe and economical technologies.  With existing waste oil so diverse in chemical composition, a one universal method of transformer oil recycling is simply impossible.  Therefore the existing technologies of oil refinery  and their reuse should be improved.

Oil reclamation is the best solution in recovery of waste oil properties with the purpose to reuse it. This approach has a  perspective – with a developing trend in ecology – to prevent pollution, reduce toxicity in manufacturing processes and make them more effective.  Oil reclamation of oils is an ecological approach. It  prevents contamination. Because most lubricants are oil based.  And their wastes are a significant source of contamination.

In general, the methods of waste oils recycling without refining may be divided into mechanical and technical (disposal in the natural environment and incineration in special furnaces as an additive to boiler fuel).  Such technologies are relatively simple, but not environmentally safe.

Transformer oil recycling methods on the basis of refining are divided into:

  • physicochemical;
  • thermochemical;
  • biological.

Physicochemical method is widely used in practice.  It includes filtration, coagulation, extraction and separation.  This method regenerates oil, but has a medium level of environmental safety.

Thermochemical method is a thermal and chemical splitting into components.  It is more environmentally friendly, but at the same time it is difficult to implement technically.

Biological method involves a cultivation of microbial biomass from oil wastes, which then becomes organic carbon.  A microbial biomass as  a final product, can be used for different purposes.

Today the level of environmental safety is the most important criteria in choosing the method of recycling of waste oil.  The higher is the level of environmental safety; the lower is its degree of impact on the environment.

GlobeCore adheres to the concept of clean production.  This concept is in its product design and consumption.  The main essence of clean production is renewable energy, recycled waste materials and minimum amount of resources used.

A method of waste oil purification is chosen according  to environmental requirements:

  • Degree of purity of the final product;
  • Low-waste technology;
  • Possibility of recycling waste;
  • Easy waste disposal;
  • Waste toxicity;
  • Use of environmentally safe chemicals.

These factors are considered  in designing and manufacturing of GlobeCore UVR oil reclamation unit.  This equipment reclaim and purifies various types of oil: transformer, turbine, industrial oil as well as lightening fuel, dark heating oil, gas condensate, gasoline and kerosene.

GlobeCore UVR oil filtering units for oil reclamation fully conform to the concept of clean production and preserve ecological balance and make profit reusing waste oils.

Used Oil Refinery Unit

Different types of oil are used in various industries. And the more machinery use oil, the bigger is the problem of waste oil – its refinery or disposal. After its purification from mechanical and other impurities which accumulate during its operation – the oil can be used more than once.

According to the degree of contamination and methods of its reclamation, there are two kinds of waste oil:

  1. Light waste oil, its refinery is easily – applying sedimentation and filtration only.  Other (primarily mechanical) methods are also used in some cases.  After purification such oil can be reused.
  2. Dark waste oil  is a result of using  oil as the lubricant for car parts with high loads and high temperatures.  In most cases oil darkening is caused by the presence of contaminants like oxidation products and metal particles.

The second type requires a careful oil refinery and subsequent disposal.  It is not recommended to mix different types of waste oil during collection. Each waste oil must be disposed separately using special methods.  If it is not refined directly after collection, it is necessary to provide an appropriate storage conditions for waste oil: using hermetically sealed containers, away from  ignition sources, and away from children.

As it was mentioned, light waste oil can be reused after oil refinery.  As for dark oil, in most cases it is burned.  Which  contaminates the  environment and is not the best approach. Harmful substances pollutes the atmosphere when burning waste oil, even if it has been pretreated. Neither is good to dispose of it into the ground or water.

Is there a solution when working with dark oil?  Yes, there is.

GlobeCore UVR units reclaim various oils, diesel and heating oil, gas condensates, gasoline, kerosene, etc.  After clarification they are stable, do not darken and  conform to current standards and high purity class.

GlobeCore always knows how to deal with dark waste oil!

Transformer Oil Purification

The application of oil is very wide.  It is used in transformers, oil circuit breakers, high-voltage capacitors and power cables.  Oil in transformers – provides insulation, reduces heat, also fills the tank  in oil circuit breakers.

Continuous development of electrical engineering sets higher requirements to the purity of transformer oil.

Experts agree that – service live of a  transformer directly depends on  service life of its insulation system, which is defined by purity of  oil used, and its exposure to various contaminants during its use.  Air (oxygen), mechanical particles and water are the most dangerous contaminants.

Contact with oxygen and water makes oil oxidized even in ideal conditions.  When overloaded and overheated, transformers may be contaminated with dirt, which increases viscosity of oil, thereby reducing its thermo regulating capacity.

Transformer oil purification is the process of extracting moisture, acid, dirt and other undesirable components (unsaturated hydrocarbons, asphalt and tar sulfur and nitrogen compounds).

To perform high-quality cleaning there are following methods:

  • mechanical methods (filtration, centrifugation, sedimentation): removal of free water and solid contaminants;
  • thermo-physical methods (evaporation, vacuum distillation);
  • physico-chemical methods (coagulation, adsorption);
  • chemical methods – when everything else fails

In order to remove condensed and dispersed water –  centrifugation or filtration is used.  If there are water molecules in transformer oil – vacuuming or adsorption methods are used.

The adsorption method is quite effective.  It uses hard porous materials (adsorbents).

There are three methods of adsorption treatment:

  1. Percolation;
  2. Contact;
  3. Countercurrent contact.

In percolation method the oil is filtered through a layer of granular sorbent (for example, silica gel).

Contact adsorption is restoration of transformer oil in contact with a powdered adsorbent at 70-75°C. After completion, a filter press separates  adsorbent from  the oil.  The main disadvantage of the contact purification  is  utilization of large amounts of used adsorbent, that contaminates the environment.

Countercurrent absorption – where oil and absorbent move in different directions against each other.

Usually adsorbents are solid porous bodies – silica gel, alumina, aluminosilicate compounds, bleaching clay and synthetic zeolites.

Purification is achieved in a single pass, which is the most effective and economical method of purification.  GlobeCore technology  in CMM oil purification plant can significantly improve oil quality and its breakdown voltage.  If oil is not purified in a single pass for whatever reasons, use the circulation method.  The breakdown voltage depends on the multiplicity of passes and the volume of oil passing through a purifier.

Using the CMM oil purification plant allows  to:

  • Reduce water content in the oil;
  • Reduce acidity;
  • Remove mechanical impurities;
  • Increase the breakdown voltage.

GlobeCore – gives transformer oil a second life !

A seminar on mineral oils purification and regeneration in Oldenburg

April, 21-22, 2016 the German GlobeCore office (Oldenburg) held a seminar on purification and regeneration of mineral oils.

This event was attended by the representatives of Belgium, the UK and the Czech Republic. Let us remind you that GlobeCore Oldenburg operates a successful International Training Center, where anyone can take a course in using the GlobeCore oil filtering equipment.

During the seminar, the participants were presented with the latest developments of the company. They also observed operation of a laboratory regeneration unit, which once again demonstrated excellent results.

All participants were happy with the presentation and information received. It should be noted that such seminars are regularly held at the GlobeCore head office in Oldenburg. If you are interested in oil purification and regeneration, contact our managers using the website contacts and fill out the preliminary application.

The new CMM-RP sorbent reactivation unit

In the first quarter of 2016, GlobeCore completed the project of developing and manufacturing of the new CMM-4RP waste sorbent reactivation unit.

This product us designed for restoration of waste bleaching earth sorbents, used industrially for purification of oils, heavy fuel, diesel and other petrochemical products.

The waste sorbent is loaded into invertible columns of the CMM-4RP unit. The reactication process takes 20 hours. Under high temperautre and vacuum, the contaminants are removed from the sorbent. Then they pass through the exhaust system to moisture separator and to the buffer tank.

When the process of reactivation is complete, the lids of the columns open by pneumatically drive cylinders, the columns are inverted and the sorbent is unloaded.

The advantages of teh CMM-4RP:

  • reduction of sorbent replenishment costs, since the sorbent can now be reactivated up to 10 times;
  • the sorbent after reactivation is as good as new and can still purify petroleum product with any degree of contamination;
  • the loss of process liquid is reduced: it is removed from the sorbent is moves to a special collection vessel and can be reused;
  • exhausted waste sorbent can be deactivated. After deactivation the sorbent contains no chemicals, and can be disposed of in an environmentally safe way.

The CMM-4RP can be used by companies which already operate GlobeCore’s UVR and CMM-R units, or other sorbent purification equipment.

Middle East Electricity, 1-3 March 2016, Dubai

Dear colleagues,

feel free to visit us at Dudai World Trade Centre, UAE

We will present GlobeCore Oil Processing Equipment at Middle East Electricity – The World’s Largest Power Event

Visit us at Dubai World Trade Centre, UAE

1-3 March 2016,

Stand No. S2E69, Sheikh Saeed Hall No. 2

Open daily 10 am – 6 pm

MEE_location_Globecore

We can offer you to make a test with your oil sample and you will see how it works.

If you have waste mineral oil that need to be regenerated – we will do this on our lab UVR system

We will be glad to see you Dubai World Trade Centre.

 

How to Remove Water and Mechanical Impurities from Diesel Fuel?

The Contamination Process of oil products traces its roots to oil refineries and accelerates at each subsequent stage of the petroleum’s life cycle.  The concentration of pollutants in an automobile fuel tank can reach up to between 0.04 to 0.06 g/kg (for gasoline) and 0.15 to 0.6 g/kg (for diesel fuel).  It is also nearly impossible to prevent water from getting into petroleum products.

Watering occurs due to the tanks “breathing” during the period of storage as well as from condensation of moisture from the air.  Water therefore, can remain in fuel in both a dissolved or an emulsified form.

Emulsified water has the most dangerous influence on the performance characteristics of petroleum products.  The formation of water-fuel emulsions, which can occur for any reason at an oil refinery, will inevitably lead to significant financial losses.

Water contaminated petroleum products can cause:

  • corrosion of equipment;
  • product loss during the process of tank drainage;
  • excessive preparation time of raw material, intermediates and finished products;
  • freeze damage of equipment in winter time; and
  • decreasing of the catalytic process efficiency and reduction of catalyst service life.

Today various processes and machines are used in industry, and their operational principles are based on both traditional (influence of gravitational and electric fields, chemical treatment, filtration through special baffles) and modern approaches (ultrasound and magnetic fields effect).  As a general matter, the necessary quality of petroleum products is achieved through usage of the full range of measures aimed to remove all or the majority of impurities.

Cleaning mechanical admixtures with the help of various filters is one of the most common methods of controlling contamination in oil products.  Centrifugal separators can be used to remove water and mechanical particles.  Corrective Maintenance however, can be a quite problematic and time-consuming process. Additionally, corrective maintenance can be very expensive.

The efficiency of coalescence filters, subject to the presence of large amounts of mechanical impurities in feedstock, leaves much to be desired.

The problem of purifying light petroleum products can be solved most effectively using GlobeCore UVR-type plants.  GlobeCore equipment is suitable for diesel fuels, transformer oils, hydraulic oils and industrial oils and can clean and remove free and dissolved water and mechanical impurities as well as water-soluble acids and alkalis.

Porous polymer compositions are used as the filtering materials for UVR plants.  They were tested for the first time back in the 1970’s, and even at that time they were proven to be reliable water and mechanical impurity retainers.  Effective purification is achieved due to the filtering material’s volume as well as the filtering material’s tortuosity.

One of the main advantages of the UVR plants is the filters’ recoverability.  UVR filters can be used multiple times before replacement is required.

The machines are divided into two groups according to the type of the filter element installed and used by the machine:

  • equipment that provides purification by removing mechanical impurities only;
  • equipment that provides purification by removing free and dissolved water as well as mechanical impurities.

When using the GlobeCore UVR plants, you can provide diesel fuel of high quality as well as the reliability and efficiency of the equipment in which this fuel is used.

The Vortex Layer Device (magnetic mill)

The new GlobeCore Vortex Layer machine currently has quite a large amount of uses. The casing 1 is made of nonmagnetic material and has the form of a hollow cylinder. It is placed into the work-coil 2, which creates a rotating electromagnetic field.  The work-coil is placed into the metallic jacket 3, to protect personnel from the electromagnetic field exposure.  It also performs a function of a container for liquid cooling. The cylinder sleeve 4, locates inside the casing and serves as the device process chamber.  There are ferromagnetic particles 5, inside of the sleeve.

AVS

Fig. 1. VLD schematic diagram

Both cyclical and continuous processes can take place inside the VLD.  In this case the required reagents are added on one side of the process chamber and the reaction products are discharged on the other side.  The ferromagnetic particles remain in the reaction zone due to the velocity layer effect (ref. to fig. 2).

VL

Fig. 2. The velocity layer photography (the frame rate is 1000 fps)

The advantages of the VLD include a lack of dynamic seals as well as complete sealing of the reaction zone.

The ferromagnetic particles perform complex motions under the action of forces occurring in a rotating electromagnetic field.  The progressive motions are made with frequent and abrupt changes in speed as well as the rotational motion with a variable angular velocity.  The specific character of the motion depends on many factors.   They include the rotation velocity, the magnetic field strength, the mass, the form, the dimensions and magnetic properties of the particles as well as the medium’s viscosity.

The velocity layer creation makes it possible to use the VLD in order to intensify physical and chemical processes.  Such intensification is achieved by rapid mixing and dispersion of the treated components, as well as acoustic and electromagnetic processing, high local pressure, and electrolysis.

Fig. 3. The GlobeCore Vortex Layer device AVS-100

The latest research indicates that the VLD can be effectively used for:

  • obtaining multi-component suspensions and emulsions;
  • removal of proteins from yeast cells;
  • increasing the microbiological stability of food products;
  • improving the quality of semi-finished and finished products made from fish and meat;
  • intensification of extraction processes;
  • improving the physicochemical properties of rubber with synchronous reducing the time of vulcanization; and
  • improving paper quality.

The VLD units are characterized by operational reliability and ease of use.  They can also be installed without the need for special foundations.  It is possible to get the VDL units to perform in many different configurations including in series and in parallel operations.